Understanding Latinx and Latine: A Move Toward Inclusivity

Language constantly evolves to reflect societal changes and values. The terms “Latinx” and “Latine” are prime examples of this evolution serving as gender-neutral alternatives to “Latino” and “Latina.” Understanding the significance of these terms requires looking at their origins as well as the broader context of Hispanic and Latino identities.

To appreciate the terms Latinx and Latine, we must first understand “Hispanic” and “Latino.” The U.S. Census first asked the question on Hispanic origin in 1970 and focused on Spanish surname, place of birth, and use of the Spanish language. The term Latino, which has been used in the U.S. Census since 2000, refers to individuals from Latin American countries, regardless of language.

Latino and Latina conform to traditional Spanish grammar, which assigns gender to nouns and adjectives. This binary approach excludes nonbinary and genderqueer individuals, necessitating more inclusive language. What about Latinx and Latine? Latinx originated in academic and social media circles, providing a gender-neutral term for individuals of Latin American descent. Pronunciations vary, including [luh-tee-neks], [lat-n-eks], and the Spanish [la-teen-ek-ees]. Despite controversy over its linguistic fit in Spanish, Latinx has gained traction for its inclusivity. Latine, developed by gender nonbinary and feminist communities in Spanish-speaking countries, aims to dismantle male-gendered language. This term aligns with existing Spanish grammar, using the neutral “e” ending, as seen in “estudiantes” (students). Communities such as Call Me Latine advocate for this term to combat machismo and Eurocentrism in Latin American cultures.

The letter “X” holds cultural and historical importance in Latin American languages. Derived from Nahuatl, Mexico’s most-spoken Indigenous language, the “X” in Latinx signifies defiance against traditional gender binaries. Terms such as “Chicano” and its variants “Xicano” and “Xicana” also embrace Indigenous heritage and resist colonial legacies.

Latinx and Latine are not without contention. Some argue that these terms do not resonate with their experiences and view them as products of academic circles. Others criticize Latinx for its perceived incompatibility with Spanish pronunciation. Nonetheless, these terms symbolize a broad movement toward inclusivity and recognition of diverse gender identities.

Using Latinx or Latine when referring to groups or individuals whose gender is unknown or nonbinary promotes inclusivity. Although Latino and Latina remain common for gender-specific references, Latinx and Latine challenge the gender binary and foster a more inclusive society. Adopting these terms helps create a more inclusive world in which all gender identities are recognized and respected. The best approach to demonstrating inclusivity is to ask how they prefer to identify, as a step toward respect and understanding.

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